Breast milk provides a complete and dynamic range of nutrients that change as the infant grows, supporting normal growth and development.
● Breast milk contains antibodies that help support the development of the infant’s immune system. Colostrum, in particular, is rich in immunoglobulins and provides early protection. (Breastfed infants show a lower risk of respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, otitis media, asthma, meningitis, and certain childhood cancers. Some studies suggest these outcomes may be associated with breastfeeding.)
● Breast milk contains nutrients that support brain cell development (such as taurine, DHA, and arachidonic acid [AA]), which help support cognitive and neurological development in infants.
● Breast milk contains a variety of bioactive components with antimicrobial properties, which may help infants defend against certain harmful pathogens and bacteria. Longer durations of breastfeeding are associated with greater protective benefits.
● Suckling stimulates uterine contractions, which helps support postpartum uterine recovery and may reduce the risk of postpartum bleeding.
● It supports the secretion of prolactin and helps maintain milk production.
● Studies suggest that breastfeeding may be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and type 2 diabetes in mothers.
● Breastfeeding promotes mother–infant bonding and may enhance the mother’s sense of emotional well-being.
● Close contact during breastfeeding, including voice interaction and physical touch, supports early cognitive and psychological development and may help infants adapt to their environment.